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Shloka 47

Nīti-saṅgraha: Conduct, Association, Kali-yuga Decline, and the Supremacy of Vidyā

Devanagari script

कृते प्रतिकृतं कुर्याद्धिंसिते प्रतिहिंसितम् / न तत्र दोषं पश्यामि दुष्टे दोषं समाचरेत्

Transliteration

kṛte pratikṛtaṃ kuryāddhiṃsite pratihiṃsitam / na tatra doṣaṃ paśyāmi duṣṭe doṣaṃ samācaret

Translation

もし人がこちらに背いて行ったなら、こちらもそれに応じて返してよい。害を受けたなら、同様に返してよい。そこに過失は見ない――悪しき者には、その悪に応じて対してよい。

Word by Word
कृतेwhen (something is) done
कृते:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; भावे/सन्दर्भे ‘कृते (सति)’
प्रतिकृतम्a counter-deed/return act
प्रतिकृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रति + कृ (धातु) → प्रतिकृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मरूपेण
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
हिंसितेwhen harmed
हिंसिते:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिंस् (धातु) → हिंसित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘हिंसिते (सति)’
प्रतिहिंसितम्counter-harm/retaliation
प्रतिहिंसितम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रति + हिंस् (धातु) → प्रतिहिंसित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
तत्रthere/in that case
तत्र:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (देश/प्रसङ्ग-बोधक adverb)
दोषम्fault/blame
दोषम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
पश्यामिI see
पश्यामि:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
दुष्टेtowards/in the case of a wicked person
दुष्टे:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-निष्पन्न)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘दुष्टे (जन/विषये)’
दोषम्fault/punitive blame
दोषम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
समाचरेत्should practice/should apply
समाचरेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + चर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Reciprocity toward the wicked: retaliation is presented as non-faulty when directed at a ‘duṣṭa’ who harms.

Vedantic Theme: Tension between ahiṃsā ideal and daṇḍa-dharma: preserving order may require force; intention and target (duṣṭa) are framed as decisive.

Application: In modern terms: proportionate response, lawful self-defense, and protective action against malicious actors—without sliding into personal vengeance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: vira

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana dharma/nīti strands that discuss daṇḍa, protection of society, and dealing with wrongdoers (general thematic parallel)

FAQs

This verse frames a dharmic idea of proportional response: when wronged or harmed, answering back in kind is presented as not inherently blameworthy, especially in dealing with a wicked aggressor.

While the verse itself is ethical rather than ritualistic, it supports the broader Garuda Purana theme that moral intent and actions (karma) shape consequences—here emphasizing accountability and dealing with adharma.

Maintain proportionality and discernment: protect yourself and uphold justice against harmful people, but avoid unnecessary cruelty—respond in measured ways aligned with dharma and lawful conduct.

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