Shloka 22

Sat-saṅga, Dharma-Nīti, Karma-Phala, Śauca, and Vairāgya

Overcoming Grief

Devanagari script

यस्मिन्वयसि यत्काले यद्दिवा यच्च वा निशि / यन्मुहूर्ते क्षणे वापि तत्तथा न तदन्यथा

Transliteration

yasminvayasi yatkāle yaddivā yacca vā niśi / yanmuhūrte kṣaṇe vāpi tattathā na tadanyathā

Translation

いかなる年齢、いかなる時—昼であれ夜であれ、いかなるムフールタ（吉時）であれ、たとえ一刹那であれ—業と定めによって起こるべきことはそのとおりに起こり、他のようにはならない。

Word by Word

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• वयसि: in (one's) age
• वयसि: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचनम् (Singular); विशेषण-रूपेण (qualifying)

• काले: at (that) time
• काले: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचनम् (Singular); विशेषण-रूपेण

• दिवा: by day
• दिवा: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दिवा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचनम् (Singular); विशेषण-रूपेण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम् (disjunctive particle)

• निशि: at night
• निशि: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचनम् (Singular); विशेषण-रूपेण

• मुहूर्ते: in (that) muhūrta
• मुहूर्ते: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• क्षणे: in (that) moment
• क्षणे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम् (disjunctive particle)

• अपि: even/also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्ययम् (also/even particle)

• तत्: that (result)
• तत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• तथा: thus/just so
• तथा: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्ययम् (manner adverb)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation particle)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• अन्यथा: otherwise
• अन्यथा: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्ययम् (manner adverb: otherwise)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: What is ordained by prior causes manifests precisely at its appointed time; events unfold according to karmic/niyati order.

Vedantic Theme: Kārya-kāraṇa-niyati; acceptance of prārabdha while cultivating vairāgya and steadiness of mind.

Application: Reduce anxiety about outcomes; focus on right action now, patience with timing, and mental equipoise in success/failure.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta-kalpa themes): inevitability of karma-phala and fixed maturation of deeds (general doctrinal parallel)

FAQs

What is the importance of destiny (daiva) and time (kāla) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse stresses that events unfold at their appointed age and time—day or night, muhurta or moment—highlighting the inevitability shaped by one’s karma and cosmic order.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By emphasizing fixed timing, it implies that life’s turning points—especially death and post-death transition—occur when karmic causes mature, aligning the soul’s journey with an ordained sequence rather than personal preference.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Live ethically and prepare steadily (spiritually and ritually) without overreliance on controlling outcomes, since results manifest when their causes ripen—sometimes suddenly, in a single moment.