Shloka 11

Nīti for Calamity, Wealth, Friendship, Charity, and Restraint of Kāma

Devanagari script

सद्भावेन हि तुष्यन्ति देवाः सत्पुरुषा द्विजाः / इतरेः खाद्यपानेन मानदानेन पण्डिताः

Transliteration

sadbhāvena hi tuṣyanti devāḥ satpuruṣā dvijāḥ / itareḥ khādyapānena mānadānena paṇḍitāḥ

Translation

デーヴァたち、善き人々、そしてドヴィジャ（再生の者）は、まことの善意によってこそ満たされる。ほかの者は飲食で満足し、学ある者は敬意と贈り物によって喜ぶ。

Word by Word

• sad-bhāvena: by good intention / sincerity
• sad-bhāvena: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sat (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (सतां भावः)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Particle
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (indeed)

• tuṣyanti: are pleased
• tuṣyanti: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tuṣ (तुष्)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• devāḥ: gods
• devāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• sat-puruṣāḥ: good men
• sat-puruṣāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sat (प्रातिपदिक) + puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (सन्तः पुरुषाः)

• dvijāḥ: twice-born (Brahmins)
• dvijāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• itareḥ: of others / of the rest
• itareḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: itara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘अन्यस्य/इतरस्य’ (intended: ‘itare’/‘itarān’ in some recensions)

• khādya-pānena: by food and drink
• khādya-pānena: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khādya (प्रातिपदिक) + pāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्वन्द्व (खाद्यं च पानं च)

• māna-dānena: by giving respect/honour
• māna-dānena: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māna (प्रातिपदिक) + dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (मानस्य दानम्)

• paṇḍitāḥ: learned people
• paṇḍitāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (elliptically: tuṣyanti)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Sattvic beings (devas, satpuruṣas, dvijas) respond to inner bhāva; others respond to material offerings; the learned value honor and appropriate gifts.

Vedantic Theme: Primacy of bhāva (inner intention) over mere external act; gradation of minds by sattva/rajas/tamas.

Application: In worship and in dealing with virtuous people, prioritize sincerity; in hospitality, provide food/drink appropriately; honor scholars with respect and fitting support.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: recurring emphasis that śraddhā/bhāva empowers rites and offerings (general thematic parallel)

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Satpurushas
• Dvijas
• Panditas

FAQs

What is the importance of sadbhāva (goodwill) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse states that Devas and the truly virtuous are pleased primarily by sincere intention, showing that inner attitude is central to dharmic action—not merely external offerings.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana death rituals like śrāddha and piṇḍa-dāna?

It implies that offerings in rites become spiritually meaningful when performed with sadbhāva; respect (māna) and appropriate giving (dāna) also support the ritual’s dharmic integrity.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate sincerity and respect in worship and charity: offer what you can (even simple food/water), but ensure the intention is pure and the recipients are honored appropriately.