Shloka 48

Bhaṇḍāsurāhaṅkāra

The Mustering of the Daitya Forces and the Roar of War

Devanagari script

दीर्घग्रीवः समुन्नद्धः पृष्ठे निष्ठुरतोदनः / अधिष्ठितो दुर्मदेन वाहनोष्ट्रश्चचाल ह

Transliteration

dīrghagrīvaḥ samunnaddhaḥ pṛṣṭhe niṣṭhuratodanaḥ / adhiṣṭhito durmadena vāhanoṣṭraścacāla ha

Translation

長き首の駱駝の乗り物は、驕り高く頭をもたげ、背に容赦ない突きが加えられた。狂慢に酔う者が跨っていたため、その駱駝は揺れ動きつつ進み始めた。

Word by Word

• dīrgha-grīvaḥ: long-necked
• dīrgha-grīvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīrgha (प्रातिपदिक) + grīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (singular); karmadhāraya-samāsa

• samunnaddhaḥ: well-fastened / tightly bound
• samunnaddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ud-nah (धातु) → samunnaddha (कृदन्त, past participle)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Kta-pratyaya (past passive participle) from √nah ‘to bind/fasten’, with upasargas sam+ud

• pṛṣṭhe: on the back
• pṛṣṭhe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), Saptamī vibhakti (Locative/7th), Ekavacana

• niṣṭhura-todanaḥ: having harsh goading / cruelly prodding
• niṣṭhura-todanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣṭhura (प्रातिपदिक) + todana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; karmadhāraya-samāsa

• adhiṣṭhitaḥ: mounted / occupied
• adhiṣṭhitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: adhi-√sthā (धातु) → adhiṣṭhita (कृदन्त, past participle)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Kta (PPP) from √sthā ‘to stand’, with upasarga adhi; sense: ‘mounted/occupied/possessed’

• durmadena: by the arrogant one / by insolence
• durmadena: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument or agentive cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durmada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana

• vāhana-uṣṭraḥ: the mount-camel (camel used as a vehicle)
• vāhana-uṣṭraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāhana (प्रातिपदिक) + uṣṭra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa-samāsa (uṣṭraḥ as vāhanam: ‘camel as mount’)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

• cacāla: moved / shook
• cacāla: Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √cal (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• ha: indeed / (narrative particle)
• ha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; smaraṇa/itiha-nipāta (expletive particle, narrative emphasis)