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Shloka 49

The Brāhmaṇas’ Wives Blessed (Brāhmaṇa-patnī-prasāda) — Ritualism Humbled by Bhakti

देश: काल: पृथग्द्रव्यं मन्त्रतन्त्रर्त्विजोऽग्नय: । देवता यजमानश्च क्रतुर्धर्मश्च यन्मय: ॥ ४८ ॥ स एव भगवान् साक्षाद् विष्णुर्योगेश्वरेश्वर: । जातो यदुष्वित्याश‍ृण्म ह्यपि मूढा न विद्महे ॥ ४९ ॥

deśaḥ kālaḥ pṛthag dravyaṁ mantra-tantrartvijo ’gnayaḥ devatā yajamānaś ca kratur dharmaś ca yan-mayaḥ

供犠のあらゆる要素――吉祥なる場所と時、種々の供物、ヴェーダの聖句、定められた儀軌、祭司と祭火、神々、施主、供犠そのもの、そして得られるダルマの果――それらはすべて主の威徳の顕現にほかならない。しかも、ヨーガの主たちの主であるヴィシュヌがヤドゥ族に生まれたと聞いていながら、私たちは愚かにも、シュリー・クリシュナこそその御方であると見抜けなかった。

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle ‘indeed/only’)
bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
sākṣātdirectly
sākṣāt:
Sambandha (वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsākṣāt (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) ‘directly/in person’
viṣṇuḥViṣṇu
viṣṇuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
yogeśvara-īśvaraḥthe Lord of the lords of yoga
yogeśvara-īśvaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootyoga + īśvara + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—योगेश्वराणाम् ईश्वरः (Lord of the lords of yoga)
jātaḥborn, manifested
jātaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootjan (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘born/manifested’
yaduṣuamong the Yadus
yaduṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootyadu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (7th/locative), बहुवचन
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (उद्धरण-चिह्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इति-शब्दः (quotative particle)
āśṛṇmawe have heard
āśṛṇma:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
hiindeed, for
hi:
Sambandha (वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ निपात (indeed/for)
apieven, also
api:
Sambandha (वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-निपात (also/even)
mūḍhāḥwe fools
mūḍhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmūḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)
vidmahewe know
vidmahe:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
Formलट् (present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

FAQs

This verse states that every component of sacrifice—time, place, priests, mantras, fires, deities, and the resulting merit—exists within and is pervaded by the Supreme Lord; thus yajña is ultimately meant for Him.

To establish that the Lord is the ultimate reality behind ritual religion, so external performance without recognizing Him misses the essence.

Whatever worship or duty one performs, one should consciously offer it to Bhagavān, remembering Him as the indwelling purpose and recipient rather than treating practice as mere formality.