Shloka 12

विदर्भतनया राजन विललाप सुदुः:खिता । भर्तुशोकपरीताज़ी शिलातलमथाश्रिता,राजन! विदर्भकुमारी दमयन्तीके अंग-अंगमें पतिके वियोगका शोक व्याप्त हो गया था, इसलिये वह अत्यन्त दु:खित हो एक शिलाके नीचे भागमें बैठकर बहुत विलाप करने लगी--

bṛhadaśva uvāca | vidarbha-tanayā rājan vilalāpa suduḥkhitā | bhartuḥ-śoka-parītāṅgī śilā-talam athāśritā ||

Bṛhadaśva said: “O King, the princess of Vidarbha, overwhelmed by intense sorrow, began to lament. With every limb seized by grief for her husband, she took refuge upon the surface of a rock and wept aloud.”

विदर्भतनयाthe daughter of Vidarbha
विदर्भतनया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदर्भ-तनया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विललापlamented, wailed
विललाप:
TypeVerb
Rootलप्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुदुःखिताvery sorrowful
सुदुःखिता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-दुःखित
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भर्तुःof (her) husband
भर्तुः:
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शोकपरीताovercome by grief
शोकपरीता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशोक-परि-इ (परीत)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
आसीwas
आसी:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
शिलातलम्the rock-surface, stone slab
शिलातलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिला-तल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
आश्रिताhaving taken refuge in; having resorted to
आश्रिता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-श्रि (आश्रित)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

बृहृदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
V
Vidarbha
D
Damayantī
H
her husband (Nala)
T
the king addressed (Yudhiṣṭhira)
R
rock/stone surface (śilā-tala)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the human reality of grief in separation and implicitly underscores steadfast marital devotion: Damayantī’s sorrow is not mere weakness but a sign of deep fidelity and the moral weight of conjugal bonds, inviting compassion rather than judgment.

In Bṛhadaśva’s narration of the Nala–Damayantī episode, Damayantī—separated from her husband Nala—sits upon a rock and cries out in anguish, her whole being overwhelmed by grief.