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Shloka 48

Nala’s Embassy to Damayantī and the Gods’ Proposal (नलस्य दूतत्वं देवप्रस्तावश्च)

यस्मिंश्नैव समस्तानां प्राणा गाण्डीवधन्चनि । विना महात्मना तेन गतसत्त्व इवाभवम्‌,“इधर जिस गाण्डीव धनुषधारी अर्जुनमें हम सबके प्राण बसते हैं, वह भी हमसे अलग है। महात्मा अर्जुनके बिना मैं निष्प्राण-सा हो गया हूँ

yasmiṁś caiva samastānāṁ prāṇā gāṇḍīvadhanvani | vinā mahātmanā tena gatasattva ivābhavam ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “He in whom the very life-breath of all of us resides—Arjuna, the great-souled bearer of the Gāṇḍīva bow—has been separated from us. Without that noble Arjuna, I have become as if bereft of vitality.”

यस्मिन्in whom
यस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
समस्तानाम्of all (of us)
समस्तानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
प्राणाःlife-breaths/lives
प्राणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गाण्डीवधन्वाthe bearer of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna)
गाण्डीवधन्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootगाण्डीवधन्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and/also
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विनाwithout/apart from
विना:
TypeIndeclinable (preposition-like)
Rootविना
महात्मनाby/with the great-souled one
महात्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तेनby him/with him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
गतसत्त्वःone whose vitality/strength is gone
गतसत्त्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगतसत्त्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अभवम्I became/was
अभवम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Lan), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how a community’s morale and sense of security can rest upon a single dharmic, capable leader; separation from such a person produces a feeling of inner collapse, underscoring the ethical value of steadfast companionship and reliance on virtue.

The speaker laments that Arjuna—identified by his Gāṇḍīva bow and praised as mahātmā—has become separated from them; in his absence the speaker feels as though life and strength have left him.