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Shloka 55

Sūrya-stava: Dhaumya’s Counsel and the Aṣṭaśata-nāma of Sūrya

यदहर्ब्रह्मण: प्रोक्ते सहस्रयुगसम्मितम्‌ । तस्य त्वमादिरन्तश्ष॒ कालज्ञै: परिकीर्तित:,ब्रद्माजीका जो एक सहस्र युगोंका दिन बताया गया है, कालमानके जाननेवाले विद्वानोंने उसका आदि और अन्त आपको ही बताया है

yad ahar brahmaṇaḥ prokte sahasra-yuga-sammitam | tasya tvam ādir antaś ca kāla-jñaiḥ parikīrtitaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “That ‘day of Brahmā’ which is declared to be equal in measure to a thousand yugas—of that vast span, the knowers of time proclaim You alone to be both the beginning and the end.”

यत्which/that (day)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अहःday
अहः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मणःof Brahmā/Brahman
ब्रह्मणः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रोक्तेwhen stated/declared
प्रोक्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सहस्रa thousand
सहस्र:
Visheshana
TypeNumeral
Rootसहस्र
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
युगyuga/age
युग:
Visheshya
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सम्मितम्measured/equal to
सम्मितम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-मा
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तस्यof that
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
आदिःbeginning
आदिः:
Pradhana
TypeNoun
Rootआदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्तःend
अन्तः:
Pradhana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कालज्ञैःby the knowers of time
कालज्ञैः:
Karana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकालज्ञ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परिकीर्तितःis proclaimed/has been declared
परिकीर्तितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-कीर्त्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Brahmā
Y
You (addressed deity/absolute principle as the beginning and end of time)
K
kāla-jña (knowers of time)

Educational Q&A

Even the largest cosmic measures—like Brahmā’s day, said to equal a thousand yugas—are framed by a higher reality: the one addressed here is affirmed as both the origin and the termination of time itself.

Yudhiṣṭhira, in a reflective and reverential mode, cites cosmological doctrine about Brahmā’s day and then directs it toward praise: learned authorities on time identify the addressed being as the beginning and end of that immense temporal cycle.