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Shloka 42

Agni’s Withdrawal to the Forest and Identification with Āṅgirasa (अग्न्याङ्गिरस-इतिहासः)

बहुधा दृश्यते धर्म: सूक्ष्म एव द्विजोत्तम । भवानपि च धर्मज्ञ: स्वाध्यायनिरत: शुचि:,द्विजश्रेष्ठ! बहुधा धर्मका स्वरूप सूक्ष्म ही देखा जाता है। तुम भी धर्मज्ञ, स्वाध्यायपरायण और पवित्र हो

bahudhā dṛśyate dharmaḥ sūkṣma eva dvijottama | bhavān api ca dharmajñaḥ svādhyāyanirataḥ śuciḥ ||

“O best of the twice-born, dharma is seen in many ways, and indeed it is subtle. You too are a knower of dharma—devoted to sacred study and inwardly pure.”

बहुधाin many ways / often
बहुधा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा
FormAvyaya (adverb)
दृश्यतेis seen / appears
दृश्यते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent tense (Lat), 3rd person, singular, Atmanepada; passive sense: 'is seen'
धर्मःdharma / righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
सूक्ष्मःsubtle
सूक्ष्मः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (agreeing with धर्मः)
एवindeed / only
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya (emphatic particle)
द्विजोत्तमO best of the twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजोत्तम:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
भवान्you (honored sir)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (honorific 'you')
अपिalso / even
अपि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormAvyaya (particle)
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
धर्मज्ञःknower of dharma
धर्मज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मज्ञ
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (agreeing with भवान्)
स्वाध्यायनिरतःdevoted to self-study (Vedic recitation)
स्वाध्यायनिरतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाध्यायनिरत
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (agreeing with भवान्)
शुचिःpure
शुचिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (agreeing with भवान्)

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (speaker)
D
dvijottama (addressed Brahmin)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not always obvious; it can appear in multiple forms and is subtle to judge. Therefore, discernment grounded in learning (svādhyāya), purity, and ethical understanding is essential when deciding what is right.

A Brahmin speaker addresses another respected Brahmin, acknowledging his learning and purity, and frames the discussion by emphasizing that dharma is complex and subtle—setting up or supporting a moral inquiry or decision.