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Shloka 60

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

तस्मात्‌ त्वमपि राजेन्द्र पूजयैनान्‌ यथाविधि । अध्वनि क्षीणगात्रश्व पथि पांसुसमन्वित:

tasmāt tvam api rājendra pūjayainān yathāvidhi | adhvani kṣīṇagātraśva pathi pāṃsusamanvitaḥ ||

Therefore, O best of kings, you too should honor these (persons) in the proper manner. For on the journey—when the body and the horses are worn out, and the road is choked with dust—such due respect and right conduct become especially necessary.

तस्मात्therefore / from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
FormAblative (pañcamī), singular, masculine/neuter (pronominal)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormParticle
राजेन्द्रO king of kings / O best of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
पूजयhonor / worship
पूजय:
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
FormImperative (loṭ), 2nd person, singular, parasmaipada
एनान्these (persons)
एनान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, accusative, plural (pronominal)
यथाas / according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAdverb
विधिrule / prescribed manner
विधि:
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
अध्वनिon the journey / on the road
अध्वनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वन्
FormMasculine, locative, singular
क्षीणworn out / exhausted
क्षीण:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षी
FormPast passive participle; masculine, nominative, singular (agreeing with implied subject)
गात्रःbody / limbs
गात्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगात्र
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormConjunction
पथिon the path
पथि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
FormMasculine, locative, singular
पांसुdust
पांसु:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपांसु
FormMasculine, instrumental (or with-meaning as first member), singular (as compound member)
समन्वितःaccompanied by / covered with
समन्वितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + अन्वि
FormPast passive participle; masculine, nominative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājendra (addressed king)
R
road/path (adhvan/pathi)
H
horses (aśva)
D
dust (pāṃsu)

Educational Q&A

The verse urges a king to practice dharma through proper, rule-based honor (pūjā) toward those deserving respect, especially when circumstances like travel fatigue test one’s patience and discipline.

Vaiśampāyana addresses a king, advising him to honor certain persons appropriately; the mention of an arduous, dusty journey with exhausted bodies and horses frames the counsel as practical guidance for conduct under strain.