Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 5

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

परपाकेषु ये5श्रन्ति आत्मार्थ च पचेत्‌ तु यः । पर्यश्नन्ति वृथा ये च तदसत्यं प्रकीर्त्यते,मार्कण्डेयजीने कहा--(नीचे लिखे अनुसार) चार प्रकारके जीवन व्यर्थ हैं और सोलह प्रकारके दान व्यर्थ हैं। जो पुत्र-हीन हैं, जो धर्मसे बहिष्कृत (भ्रष्ट) हैं, जो सदा दूसरोंकी ही रसोईमें भोजन किया करते हैं तथा जो केवल अपने लिये ही भोजन बनाते एवं देवता और अतिथियोंको न देकर अकेले ही भोजन कर लेते हैं, उनका वह भोजन असत्‌ कहा गया है। अत: उनका जन्म वृथा है (इस प्रकार इन चार प्रकारके मनुष्योंका जन्म व्यर्थ है)

parapākeṣu ye śrānti ātmārthaṃ ca pacet tu yaḥ | paryaśnanti vṛthā ye ca tad asatyaṃ prakīrtyate ||

Mārkaṇḍeya said: Those who toil in another’s kitchen, and the one who cooks only for his own sake; and those who eat without due purpose or right—such conduct is proclaimed ‘asat’ (untrue/inauthentic). In ethical terms, food and livelihood become hollow when they ignore rightful sharing and the duties owed to gods and guests.

परपाकेषुin others' cookings/kitchens
परपाकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपरपाक
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्रन्तिeat
अश्रन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
आत्मार्थम्for oneself / for one’s own sake
आत्मार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पचेत्would cook / should cook
पचेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपच्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पर्यश्नन्तिeat up / consume
पर्यश्नन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + अश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वृथाin vain / uselessly
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
असत्यम्untrue / improper / invalid
असत्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रकीर्त्यतेis proclaimed / is called
प्रकीर्त्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + कीर्त्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya