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Shloka 13

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

तस्मात्‌ सर्वास्ववस्थासु सर्वदानानि पार्थिव | दातव्यानि द्विजातिभ्य: स्वर्गमार्गजिगीषया,मार्कण्डेय उवाच जपैम॑न्त्रैश्न होमैश्व स्वाध्यायाध्ययनेन च । नावं वेदमयीं कृत्वा तारयन्ति तरन्ति च मार्कण्डेयजीने कहा--राजन! ब्राह्मण जप, मन्त्र (पाठ), होम, स्वाध्याय और वेदाध्ययनके द्वारा वेदमयी नौकाका निर्माण करके दूसरोंको भी तारते हैं और स्वयं भी तर जाते हैं

tasmāt sarvāsv avasthāsu sarvadānāni pārthiva | dātavyāni dvijātibhyaḥ svargamārga-jigīṣayā || japair mantraiś ca homaiś ca svādhyāyādhyayanena ca | nāvaṁ vedamayīṁ kṛtvā tārayanti taranti ca ||

Mārkaṇḍeya said: “Therefore, O king, in every condition of life and at all times, gifts should be given to the twice-born, for one who seeks to win the path to heaven. For by japa, by the recitation of mantras, by sacrificial offerings, by self-study and the study of the Veda, the Brāhmaṇas fashion a ‘boat made of the Veda’; with it they ferry others across, and they themselves cross over as well.”

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
सर्वासुin all
सर्वासु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formfeminine, locative, plural
अवस्थासुconditions/states
अवस्थासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअवस्था
Formfeminine, locative, plural
सर्वदानानिall gifts/charities
सर्वदानानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वदान
Formneuter, nominative, plural
पार्थिवO king
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
दातव्यानिshould be given
दातव्यानि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligative), passive sense, neuter, nominative, plural
द्विजातिभ्यःto the twice-born (Brahmins etc.)
द्विजातिभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
Formfeminine, dative, plural
स्वर्गमार्गजिगीषयाwith the desire to win/attain the path to heaven
स्वर्गमार्गजिगीषया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्गमार्गजिगीषा
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
मार्कण्डेयःMarkandeya
मार्कण्डेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्कण्डेय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formperfect, 3, singular, parasmaipada
जपैःby recitations
जपैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजप
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
मन्त्रैःby mantras
मन्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
होमैःby oblations (homa)
होमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहोम
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
स्वाध्यायाध्ययनेनby self-study and study (of the Veda)
स्वाध्यायाध्ययनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्यायाध्ययन
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नावम्boat
नावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनौ
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
वेदमयीम्consisting of the Veda/formed of Veda
वेदमयीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवेदमयी
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive)
तारयन्तिthey cause (others) to cross/save
तारयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
Formpresent, 3, plural, parasmaipada
तरन्तिthey cross
तरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
Formpresent, 3, plural, parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
P
pārthiva (the king, addressee)
D
dvijāti (twice-born, especially Brāhmaṇas)
S
svarga (heaven)
V
Veda
V
vedamayī nāvā (the Veda-made boat)