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Shloka 831

निवातकवचवधः — Arjuna’s Neutralization of the Nivātakavacas

Vajra-astra deployment

रथेनानेन मघवा जितवान्‌ शम्बरं युधि । नमुचिं बलवृत्रौ च प्रह्लादनरकावपि

rathenānena maghavā jitavān śambaraṃ yudhi | namuciṃ balavṛtrau ca prahlādanarakāv api ||

Arjuna said: “With this very chariot, Maghavān (Indra) conquered Śambara in battle; and he also overcame Namuci, the mighty Vṛtra, and even Prahlāda and Naraka. This chariot is thus remembered as an instrument of righteous victory over oppressive powers.”

रथेनby/with the chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अनेनby/with this
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मघवाMaghavan (Indra)
मघवा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमघवन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जितवान्conquered/defeated
जितवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormPerfect (periphrastic perfect), Third, Singular, Masculine
शम्बरम्Śambara (a demon)
शम्बरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशम्बर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
नमुचिम्Namuci
नमुचिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनमुचि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बलम्Bala (a demon)
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वृत्रौVṛtra (and another; dual form)
वृत्रौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रह्लादम्Prahlāda
प्रह्लादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रह्लाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नरकम्Naraka
नरकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनरक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
M
Maghavān (Indra)
C
Chariot (ratha)
Ś
Śambara
N
Namuci
V
Vṛtra
P
Prahlāda
N
Naraka

Educational Q&A

The verse uses Indra’s victories as an exemplar: rightful strength and divinely sanctioned means (symbolized by the chariot) are invoked to affirm confidence in confronting forces that threaten cosmic and social order.

Arjuna identifies a particular chariot as renowned, citing that Indra (Maghavān) used it to defeat famous adversaries—Śambara, Namuci, Vṛtra, Prahlāda, and Naraka—thereby emphasizing the chariot’s proven power and auspicious history.