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Shloka 1

Saṃsāra-Gahana Allegory: The Brāhmaṇa in the Forest and Well (संसारगहन-आख्यान)

हि बछ। आप>फ अप - 'एकरात्रोषितं कलिलं भवति पंचरात्राद्‌ बुदुबुद:” एक रातमें रज और वीर्य मिलकर “कलिल' रूप होते हैं और पाँच रातमें 'बुदबुद” के आकारमें परिणत हो जाते हैं। इत्यादि शास्त्रवचनोंके अनुसार गर्भके बढ़ने आदिकी सारी क्रिया ज्ञात होती है। पज्चमो< ध्याय: गहन वनके दृष्टान्तसे संसारके भयंकर स्वरूपका वर्णन धृतराष्ट उवाच यदिदं धर्मगहनं बुद्धया समनुगम्यते । तद्धि विस्तरत: सर्व बुद्धिमार्ग प्रशंस मे,धृतराष्ट्रने कहा--विदुर! यह जो धर्मका गूढ़ स्वरूप है, वह बुद्धिसे ही जाना जाता है; अतः तुम मुझसे सम्पूर्ण बुद्धिमार्गका विस्तारपूर्वक वर्णन करो

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | yad idaṃ dharmagahanaṃ buddhyā samanugamyate | tad dhi vistarataḥ sarvaṃ buddhimārgaṃ praśaṃsa me ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: “Vidura, this profound and tangled matter of dharma can be grasped only through discerning intellect. Therefore, explain to me in full detail the entire path and method of right understanding.”

धृतराष्ट्रःDhritarashtra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्मगहनम्deep/obscure in dharma
धर्मगहनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मगहन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बुद्ध्याby intellect
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
समनुगम्यतेis understood/followed
समनुगम्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अनु-गम्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Indicative
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
विस्तरतःin detail
विस्तरतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविस्तर
सर्वम्all/entire
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बुद्धिमार्गम्the path/way of understanding (intellectual approach)
बुद्धिमार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धिमार्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रशंसdescribe/praise (tell)
प्रशंस:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शंस्
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular, 1st

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Dharma is subtle and difficult to navigate; it requires buddhi (discriminating intelligence). The verse frames ethical life as something to be understood through careful reasoning rather than impulse, power, or mere convention.

In Strī Parva, amid grief and moral reckoning after the war, Dhṛtarāṣṭra turns to Vidura for guidance. He asks Vidura to explain, in a detailed and systematic way, the ‘path of understanding’ by which one can comprehend the complex nature of dharma.