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Shloka 45

Śalya–Yudhiṣṭhira Duel and the Discharge of the Śakti (शल्यवधप्रसङ्गः)

तमभ्यधावत्‌ त्राणार्थ द्रोणपुत्रो महारथ: । कृपश्च कृतवर्मा च पुत्र तेडपि परीप्सव:,तब महारथी द्रोणपुत्र दुर्योधनकी रक्षाके लिये दौड़ा। कृपाचार्य और कृतवर्मा भी आपके पुत्रको बचानेके लिये आ पहुँचे

tam abhyadhāvat trāṇārthaṁ droṇaputro mahārathaḥ | kṛpaś ca kṛtavarmā ca putra te ’pi parīpsavaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: For the sake of protection, the great chariot-warrior Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa, rushed forward. Kṛpa and Kṛtavarmā too—intent on saving your son—came there as well. The scene underscores the urgent, loyal impulse to shield their leader amid the chaos of battle, even as the war’s moral costs continue to mount.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्यधावत्ran towards / rushed
अभ्यधावत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootधाव्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्राणार्थम्for protection (as purpose)
त्राणार्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्राण + अर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्रोणपुत्रःDrona's son (Aśvatthāman)
द्रोणपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृपःKripa
कृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृतवर्माKṛtavarmā
कृतवर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुत्रम्the son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेyour
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, 2nd
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
परीप्सवःdesiring to save / wishing to protect
परीप्सवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरीप्सु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Aśvatthāmā (Droṇaputra)
D
Droṇa
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
K
Kṛtavarmā
D
Duryodhana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the warrior-ethic of immediate protective loyalty: in a moment of peril, allies prioritize safeguarding their leader. Ethically, it also points to the tension between personal allegiance and the broader consequences of sustaining a destructive conflict.

Duryodhana is in danger on the battlefield. Aśvatthāmā rushes forward to defend him, and Kṛpa and Kṛtavarmā also arrive, all focused on rescuing and protecting Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son.