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Shloka 8

शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12

तौ वृषाविव नर्दन्तौ मण्डलानि विचेरतु: । आवर्तितौ गदाहस्तौ मद्रराजवृकोदरौ,शल्य और भीमसेन दोनों वीर हाथमें गदा लिये साँड़ोंकी तरह गर्जते हुए चक्कर लगाने और पैंतरे देने लगे

tau vṛṣāv iva nardantau maṇḍalāni viceratuḥ | āvartitau gadāhastau madrarājavṛkodarau |

Sañjaya said: Shalya, the king of Madra, and Bhīmasena (Vṛkodara), both gripping their maces, roared like two bulls and began to circle in measured rounds, wheeling and feinting for advantage. The scene underscores the warrior code of single combat—strength restrained by form, where prowess is tested through controlled movement and tactical patience amid the larger chaos of war.

तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वृषौtwo bulls
वृषौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
नर्दन्तौroaring
नर्दन्तौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनर्द्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual, शतृ (present active participle)
मण्डलानिcircles/rounds
मण्डलानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमण्डल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विचेरतुःthey moved about/went around
विचेरतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चर्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Dual, Parasmaipada
आवर्तितौwhirling/turned about
आवर्तितौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ + वृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual, क्त (past passive participle)
गदाहस्तौhaving maces in hand
गदाहस्तौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगदा + हस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मद्रराजवृकोदरौthe king of Madra (Shalya) and Vrikodara (Bhima)
मद्रराजवृकोदरौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज + वृकोदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Shalya (Madra-rāja)
B
Bhīmasena (Vṛkodara)
G
gadā (mace)
M
Madra

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya discipline in combat: even in lethal conflict, warriors follow a recognizable code—circling, measuring distance, and seeking a fair opening—showing that power is ideally governed by form, restraint, and tactical judgment.

Shalya (king of Madra) and Bhīmasena, each holding a mace, roar like bulls and begin circling one another, turning and feinting as they prepare to strike in a focused one-on-one duel.