Shloka 19

स कल्याणि बन दुर्ग दूरं द्रौणिरितो गत: । तस्य त्वं पातनं संख्ये कथं ज्ञास्यसि शोभने

sā kalyāṇi vana-durga-dūraṃ drauṇir ito gataḥ | tasya tvaṃ pātanaṃ saṅkhye kathaṃ jñāsyasi śobhane ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O auspicious lady, Drauṇi has gone far from this forest stronghold. How, then, O fair one, will you come to know of his downfall in battle?”

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कल्याणिO auspicious one
कल्याणि:
TypeNoun
Rootकल्याणी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
वन-दुर्गात्from the forest-fort/stronghold
वन-दुर्गात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवनदुर्ग
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
दूरम्far away
दूरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदूर
द्रौणिःDrauni (son of Drona, Ashvatthaman)
द्रौणिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतःfrom here
इतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः
गतःgone
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
पातनम्the causing to fall; downfall; slaying
पातनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपातन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सङ्ख्येin battle
सङ्ख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्ख्य
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
ज्ञास्यसिwill you know
ज्ञास्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormSimple Future (लृट्), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
शोभनेO beautiful one
शोभने:
TypeNoun
Rootशोभना
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)
D
Droṇa
V
vana-durga (forest stronghold)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the limits of knowledge amid war: when a key actor has moved beyond one’s reach, certainty about outcomes (such as a warrior’s defeat) becomes difficult. It underscores how conflict produces distance, confusion, and unreliable access to truth.

Vaiśampāyana reports that Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā) has gone far away from the forest stronghold. Addressing a woman respectfully, he questions how she could learn of Drauṇi’s possible downfall in battle when he is no longer nearby or within immediate observation.