Shloka 18

धर्म्य॑ धर्मेण धर्मज्ञे प्राप्तास्ते निधनं शुभे | पुत्रास्ते भ्रातरश्नैव तान्न शोचितुमरहसि,'शुभे! तुम धर्मको जाननेवाली हो। तुम्हारे पुत्रों और भाइयोंने धर्मपूर्वक युद्ध करके धर्मानुकूल मृत्यु प्राप्त की है; अतः तुम्हें उनके लिये शोक नहीं करना चाहिये

vaiśampāyana uvāca | dharmyā dharmeṇa dharmajñe prāptās te nidhanaṃ śubhe | putrās te bhrātaraś caiva tān na śocitum arhasi ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O auspicious lady, you are righteous and a knower of dharma. Your sons and your brothers have met their end in accordance with dharma, having fought a righteous battle; therefore you ought not to grieve for them.”

धर्म्याःrighteous (O woman)
धर्म्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मेणby/through dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मज्ञेO knower of dharma
धर्मज्ञे:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
प्राप्ताःhaving attained / having met with
प्राप्ताः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप् (धातु) / प्राप्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey / those (your sons and brothers)
ते:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निधनम्death
निधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिधन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शुभेO auspicious one
शुभे:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेyour
ते:
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भ्रातरःbrothers
भ्रातरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
शोचितुम्to grieve
शोचितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (धातु) / शोचितुम् (तुमुन्)
FormInfinitive
अर्हसिyou ought / you deserve
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह् (धातु)
FormPresent, Second, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
S
sons
B
brothers
Ś
Śubhe (vocative address to an unnamed woman)

Educational Q&A

Grief is tempered by dharma: when warriors meet death while fulfilling righteous duty, the survivor is urged to recognize the ethical frame of their end and restrain lamentation.

The narrator Vaiśampāyana addresses a bereaved woman, reminding her that her sons and brothers died in a dharma-consistent battle, and counsels her not to mourn them.