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Shloka 6

दुःशासनवधः (Duḥśāsana-vadha) — Bhīma’s vow-fulfillment in combat

ततो<5धावन्त कौरव्या जिधघृक्षन्तो युधिष्ठिरम्‌ । वुष्टभावान्‌ पराउज्ञात्वा समवेता महारथा:

tato ’dhāvanta kauravyā jighṛkṣanto yudhiṣṭhiram | vṛṣṭabhāvān parājñātvā samavetā mahārathāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Then the Kaurava warriors rushed forward, intent on seizing Yudhiṣṭhira. Recognizing that his spirit had been shaken and that he was in a state of discomposure, the assembled great chariot-fighters pressed in upon him.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya
अधावन्तran (towards)
अधावन्त:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootधाव्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd person, plural, Parasmaipada
कौरव्याःthe Kauravas
कौरव्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
जिघृक्षन्तःwishing to seize
जिघृक्षन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPresent active participle, masculine, nominative, plural (desiderative stem: जिघृक्ष-)
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
वृष्टभावान्those whose ardor/force had been spent (lit. 'whose state is exhausted')
वृष्टभावान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृष्टभाव
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
पराज्ञात्वाhaving recognized/understood
पराज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), with prefix परा-
समवेताःassembled, gathered together
समवेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमवेत
FormMasculine, nominative, plural (past passive participle used adjectivally)
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, nominative, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kauravas
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
M
mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, a leader’s inner steadiness directly affects tactical vulnerability: when Yudhiṣṭhira’s composure is perceived as shaken, opponents immediately attempt capture. Ethically, it underscores the kṣatriya-world’s emphasis on reading morale and exploiting openings, while also implying the dharmic need for self-mastery amid crisis.

Sañjaya reports that Kaurava fighters surge forward in a coordinated charge, aiming to capture Yudhiṣṭhira. They do so because they perceive him to be unsettled, and the gathered elite warriors close in to take advantage of that moment.