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Shloka 5

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

कल्प्यतां नागमुख्यानां रथानां च वरूथिनाम्‌ | संनहातां नराणां च वाजिनां च विशाम्पते,प्रजानाथ! सजाये जाते हुए बड़े-बड़े गजराजों, आवरणयुक्त रथों, कवच धारण करते हुए मनुष्यों, कसे जाते हुए घोड़ों तथा उतावलीपूर्वक एक-दूसरेको पुकारते हुए योद्धाओंका महान्‌ तुमुल-नाद आकाशमें बहुत ऊँचेतक गूँज रहा था

sañjaya uvāca | kalpyatāṃ nāgamukhyānāṃ rathānāṃ ca varūthinām | saṃnahātāṃ narāṇāṃ ca vājīnāṃ ca viśāmpate prajānātha |

Sañjaya said: “O lord of the people, O ruler of subjects, preparations were being made—of the foremost elephants, of chariots fitted with protective coverings, of men fully armed in their gear, and of horses being harnessed. The tumult of the army’s readiness and martial calling rose and echoed high into the sky, signaling the moral weight and irreversible momentum of the coming battle.”

कल्प्यताम्let (it) be arranged / prepared
कल्प्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकॢप्
Formलोट् (imperative), कर्मणि (passive), 3, singular
नागमुख्यानाम्of the foremost elephants
नागमुख्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनागमुख्य
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
रथानाम्of chariots
रथानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वरूथिनाम्of those having protective coverings/armour (armoured ones)
वरूथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवरूथिन्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
संनहाताम्of the armed/armoured (well-equipped)
संनहाताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसं-नह्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, genitive, plural
नराणाम्of men
नराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनर
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाजिनाम्of horses
वाजिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
प्रजानाथO protector/lord of subjects
प्रजानाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजानाथ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
king (addressed as viśāmpati/prajānātha, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
W
war-elephants (nāga)
C
chariots (ratha)
A
armored chariots/defensive coverings (varūtha)
A
armed warriors (narāḥ saṃnahāḥ)
H
horses (vājinaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical gravity of war: once vast forces are fully prepared—elephants, chariots, armed men, and horses—the conflict gains an almost irreversible momentum. It implicitly reminds the ruler (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) that decisions leading to war carry responsibility for the suffering that follows.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the armies are being readied in full scale—major war-elephants, protected chariots, armored warriors, and harnessed horses—creating a great tumult that echoes upward, marking the immediate onset of battle activity in the Karṇa Parva.