Shloka 40

Devanagari script

भारत! व्यूहके मुख्य द्वारपर कवच धारण किये महाधनुर्धर कर्णको खड़ा देख कोई भी सैनिक द्रोणाचार्यके मारे जानेके दुःखका अनुभव न कर सका ।। उभे सैन्ये महाराज प्रह्ृष्टनरसंकुले । योद्धुकामे स्थिते राजन्‌ हन्तुमन्योन्यमोजसा,महाराज! वे दोनों सेनाएँ हर्षोत्फुल्ल मनुष्योंसे भरी थीं। राजन्‌! वे बलपूर्वक परस्पर चोट करने और जूझनेकी इच्छासे मैदानमें आकर खड़ी हो गयीं

Transliteration

ubhē sainyē mahārāja prahṛṣṭa-nara-saṅkulē | yoddhu-kāmē sthitē rājan hantum anyonyam ojasā ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O great king, both armies stood facing each other—crowded with men exultant and eager for combat. O ruler, they had taken their positions with the desire to fight, intent on striking one another down by sheer force and martial ardor.

Word by Word

उभेboth

सैन्येarmies

महाराजO great king

प्रहृष्टdelighted, exhilarated

नर-संकुलेcrowded with men

योद्धु-कामेdesiring to fight

स्थितेstanding, stationed

राजन्O king

हन्तुम्to strike/kill

अन्योन्यम्each other, mutually

ओजसाwith strength, forcibly

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by addresses mahārāja/rājan)

the two armies (Kaurava and Pāṇḍava forces, implied)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the psychological momentum of war: collective exhilaration and the will to overpower the other side can eclipse reflection on loss and dharma, showing how martial ardor drives escalation and mutual destruction.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that both sides have assembled on the battlefield, densely packed with eager warriors, each intent on engaging the other with force as the fighting is about to intensify.