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Shloka 1

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके २६३ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ५८ ३ “लोक हैं।) शस्न्पैमा+ () अिमने एकादशोब< ध्याय: कर्णके सेनापतित्वमें कौरव-सेनाका युद्धके लिये प्रस्थान और मकर व्यूहका निर्माण तथा पाण्डव-सेनाके अर्धचन्द्राकार व्यूहकी रचना और युद्धका आरम्भ धृतराष्ट्र उवाच सैनापत्यं तु सम्प्राप्प कर्णो वैकर्तनस्तदा । तथोक्तश्न स्वयं राज्ञा स्निग्ध॑ भ्रातृसमं वच:,धृतराष्ट्रने पूछा--संजय! सेनापतिका पद पाकर जब परम बुद्धिमान्‌ वैकर्तन कर्ण युद्धके लिये तैयार हुआ और जब स्वयं राजा दुर्योधनने उससे भाईके समान स्नेहपूर्ण वचन कहा, उस समय सूर्योदयकालमें सेनाको युद्धके लिये तैयार होनेकी आज्ञा देकर उसने क्या किया? यह मुझे बताओ

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |

senāpatyaṃ tu samprāpya karṇo vaikartanas tadā |

tathoktaś ca svayaṃ rājñā snigdhaṃ bhrātṛ-samaṃ vacaḥ ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: “Sañjaya, when Karṇa, son of the charioteer’s line (Vaikartana), had then obtained the command of the army, and when the king (Duryodhana) himself addressed him with affectionate words, as to a brother—what did Karṇa do after ordering the forces, at sunrise, to make ready for battle? Tell me this.”

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सैनापत्यम्the commandership (office of commander)
सैनापत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैनापत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सम्प्राप्यhaving obtained
सम्प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्राप्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैकर्तनःVaikartana (son of Vikartana; epithet of Karna)
वैकर्तनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैकर्तन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
उक्तःhaving been spoken to / addressed
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्वयम्personally
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
स्निग्धम्affectionate, loving
स्निग्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्निग्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भ्रातृ-समम्equal to (that of) a brother; brother-like
भ्रातृ-समम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रातृसम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
D
Duryodhana
K
Kaurava army

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the ethical tension of wartime leadership: affection and loyalty (Duryodhana’s brother-like words to Karṇa) can strengthen resolve, yet they also bind a warrior more tightly to a cause whose righteousness is contested. It frames how personal bonds influence decisions in a dharma-conflicted war.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra questions Sañjaya about the moment Karṇa becomes commander of the Kaurava forces. After Duryodhana speaks to him warmly, Dhṛtarāṣṭra asks what Karṇa did next—specifically after ordering the army at sunrise to prepare for battle.