Shloka 24

काल: सम ग्रसते योधान्‌ धृष्टद्युम्नेन मोहितान्‌ | संग्रामे तुमुले तस्मिन्निति सम्मेनिरे जना:,उस भयंकर संग्राममें सब लोग ऐसा मानने लगे कि काल ही धृष्टद्युम्नके द्वारा कौरवयोद्धाओंको मोहित करके उन्हें अपना ग्रास बना रहा है

kālaḥ samagrasate yodhān dhṛṣṭadyumnena mohitān | saṅgrāme tumule tasminn iti sammenire janāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: In that fierce and tumultuous battle, people came to believe that Time (Death) itself—using Dhṛṣṭadyumna as its instrument—was deluding the warriors and swallowing them up. The scene suggested an ethical inevitability: once the frenzy of war takes hold, even mighty fighters appear powerless before the consuming force of kāla, which spares none.

कालःTime/Death (Kala)
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समम्entirely, completely
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
ग्रसतेdevours, swallows
ग्रसते:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रस्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
योधान्warriors
योधान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
धृष्टद्युम्नेनby Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मोहितान्bewildered, deluded
मोहितान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमोहित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
संग्रामेin the battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुमुलेtumultuous, fierce
तुमुले:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
सम्मेनिरेthey thought, they concluded
सम्मेनिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPerfect, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
K
kāla (Time/Death)
Y
yodhāḥ (warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kāla as an unstoppable moral and existential force: in war, delusion (moha) overtakes even skilled warriors, and death appears to consume all impartially. It underscores the Mahābhārata’s recurring warning that violence unleashes forces beyond human control.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield perception that Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s onslaught is so overwhelming that it seems as if Death itself, acting through him, is confusing the warriors and devouring them amid the uproar of combat.