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Shloka 8

द्रोण–सात्यकि-युद्धम्

Droṇa–Sātyaki Engagement

संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! अर्जुनके ऐसा कहनेपर उस समय द्रोणाचार्यने उन्हें हँसते हुए-से उत्तर दिया--'अर्जुन! मुझे पराजित किये बिना जयद्रथको जीतना असम्भव है! ७ |। एतावदुक्त्वा तं द्रोण: शरब्रातैरवाकिरत्‌ । सरथाश्चथध्वजं ती&णै: प्रहसन्‌ वै ससारथिम्‌,अर्जुनसे इतना ही कहकर द्रोणाचार्यने हँसते-हँसते रथ, घोड़े, ध्वज तथा सारथिसहित उनके ऊपर तीखे बाणसमूहोंकी वर्षा आरम्भ कर दी

etāvad uktvā taṃ droṇaḥ śaravrātair avākirat | sa-rathāśva-dhvajaṃ tīkṣṇaiḥ prahasan vai sa-sārathim ||

Sanjaya said: Having said only this, Droṇa, laughing as if in scorn, showered Arjuna with volleys of arrows—striking at his chariot, horses, banner, and even his charioteer. The moment underscores the harsh ethics of battlefield duty: Droṇa asserts that Jayadratha cannot be overcome unless Droṇa himself is first checked, and he immediately enforces that claim through overwhelming martial force.

एतावत्this much
एतावत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएतावत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरव्रातैःwith a multitude of arrows
शरव्रातैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशरव्रात
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अवाकिरत्showered, covered
अवाकिरत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअवकिॄ
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
स-रथ-आश्व-ध्वजम्together with (his) chariot, horses, and banner
स-रथ-आश्व-ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ/अश्व/ध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तीक्ष्णैःwith sharp (arrows)
तीक्ष्णैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रहसन्laughing
प्रहसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रहस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
स-सारथिम्together with the charioteer
स-सारथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhrtarashtra (implied by 'Maharaja')
A
Arjuna
D
Drona (Dronacharya)
J
Jayadratha
C
chariot (ratha)
H
horses (aśva)
B
banner/standard (dhvaja)
C
charioteer (sārathi)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of kṣatriya-dharma: duty is executed through decisive action, yet it can be accompanied by pride or mockery. Droṇa’s laughter and immediate assault show how power can be used to enforce a strategic claim—reminding readers that righteousness in war is not only about goals but also about the manner and intent with which force is applied.

After asserting that Jayadratha cannot be defeated unless Droṇa is first overcome, Droṇa immediately demonstrates his control of the battlefield by raining sharp arrows upon Arjuna—targeting not just Arjuna himself but his entire fighting apparatus: chariot, horses, banner, and charioteer.