Shloka 31

चर्मचापधरैश्रैव व्यवकीर्णस्ततस्तत: । स्रग्भिराभरणैर्वस्त्रै: पतितैश्न महाध्वजै:,सुन्दर उपकरणों, बैठकों, ईषादण्ड, बन्धनरज्जुओं और पहियोंसहित रथ चूर-चूर हो रहे थे। उनके धुरे टूट गये थे और जूए टुकड़े-टुकड़े होकर पड़े थे। बहुत-सी ढालों और धनुषोंको लिये-दिये वे टूटे हुए रथ इधर-उधर बिखरे पड़े थे। बहुत-से हार, आभूषण, वस्त्र और बड़े-बड़े ध्वज धरतीपर गिरे हुए थे। अनेक हाथी और घोड़े मारे गये थे तथा बहुत-से क्षत्रिय भी धराशायी कर दिये गये थे। इन सबके कारण वहाँकी भूमि देखनेमें अत्यन्त भयंकर जान पड़ती थी

carma-cāpa-dharaiś caiva vyavakīrṇas tatas tataḥ | sragbhir ābharaṇair vastraiḥ patitaiś ca mahādhvajaiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: The ground was strewn everywhere with warriors bearing shields and bows; it was also littered with fallen garlands, ornaments, garments, and great banners. The scene conveyed the moral cost of battle—splendour and identity reduced to scattered objects—making the battlefield appear dreadful to behold.

चर्मshield/leather (as object in compound sense)
चर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चापbow
चाप:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धरैःby/with bearers (those holding)
धरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर (धृ-धातु से, ‘धारयति’)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
व्यवकीर्णःscattered, strewn about
व्यवकीर्णः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यव-√कॄ (किरति) / √कॄ (to scatter) से क्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon; from there
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
ततःthen/thereupon; from there
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
स्रग्भिःwith garlands
स्रग्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्रज्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
आभरणैःwith ornaments
आभरणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआभरण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
वस्त्रैःwith garments
वस्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
पतितैःfallen
पतितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित (√पत् + क्त)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महाध्वजैःwith great banners/standards
महाध्वजैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाध्वज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
shields (carma)
B
bows (cāpa)
G
garlands (sraj)
O
ornaments (ābharaṇa)
G
garments (vastra)
G
great banners/standards (mahādhvaja)
B
battlefield/ground (implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the transience of worldly splendour in war: garlands, ornaments, garments, and banners—symbols of status and identity—lie fallen among weapons, highlighting the ethical gravity and human cost that accompany kṣatriya conflict.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the battlefield is covered in every direction with shield-and-bow-bearing fighters and with fallen decorative and martial insignia—garlands, jewelry, clothes, and large standards—creating a terrifying दृश्य of widespread ruin.