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Shloka 4

Yudhiṣṭhira–Droṇa Saṃgrāma

Engagement and Countermeasures

प्रत्युत्थाय च गोविन्द स तस्मा आसन ददौ । न चासने स्वयं बुद्धि बीभत्सुर्व्यद्धात्‌ तदा,अर्जुनने खड़े होकर गोविन्दको बैठनेके लिये आसन दिया और स्वयं उस समय किसी आसनपर बैठनेका विचार उन्होंने नहीं किया

pratyutthāya ca govinda sa tasmā āsanaṃ dadau | na cāsane svayaṃ buddhiṃ bībhatsur vyadhāt tadā ||

Sañjaya said: Arjuna rose to receive Govinda and offered him a seat. Yet at that moment the son of Pāṇḍu did not even think of taking a seat for himself—his conduct showing reverence and self-restraint amid the pressures of war.

प्रत्युत्थायhaving risen up
प्रत्युत्थाय:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उत्-स्था (धातु √स्था)
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गोविन्दO Govinda
गोविन्द:
TypeNoun
Rootगोविन्द
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
आसनम्a seat
आसनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ददौgave
ददौ:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु √दा)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसनेon a seat
आसने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआसन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
बुद्धिम्thought/intent
बुद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बीभत्सुःBībhatsu (Arjuna)
बीभत्सुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबीभत्सु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यधात्placed/formed (in mind), entertained
व्यधात्:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु √धा) + वि
Formलुङ् (Aorist, root-aorist), परस्मैपदम्, Third, Singular
तदाthen/at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
Govinda (Kṛṣṇa)
B
Bībhatsu (Arjuna)
Ā
āsana (seat)

Educational Q&A

Even in a battlefield setting, dharmic conduct is maintained through humility and proper honor to the worthy. Arjuna’s rising and offering a seat to Govinda models reverence, disciplined ego, and the ethic of honoring one’s guide and benefactor.

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna stands up to receive Kṛṣṇa (Govinda), offers him a seat, and does not consider sitting himself at that moment—highlighting Arjuna’s respectful demeanor toward Kṛṣṇa amid the events of Droṇa Parva.