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Shloka 23

Yudhiṣṭhira–Droṇa Saṃgrāma

Engagement and Countermeasures

ततः प्रणिहितो ब्राह्मे मुहूर्ते शुभलक्षणे । आत्मानमर्जुनो5पश्यद्‌ गगने सहकेशवम्‌,तब शुभ लक्षणोंसे युक्त ब्राह्म मुहूर्तमें ध्यानस्थ होनेपर अर्जुनने अपने-आपको भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णके साथ आकाशमें जाते देखा

tataḥ praṇihito brāhme muhūrte śubhalakṣaṇe | ātmānam arjuno 'paśyad gagane saha-keśavam ||

Sañjaya said: Then, having entered deep concentration at the auspicious Brahma-muhūrta marked by favorable signs, Arjuna beheld a visionary scene—he saw himself moving through the sky together with Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa). The moment underscores how disciplined inner focus and sacred timing can open a moral-psychological clarity in the midst of war, with Kṛṣṇa’s presence signifying guidance and protection amid peril.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formavyaya
प्रणिहितःhaving been fixed/intent (in meditation)
प्रणिहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-नि-धा (धातु) → प्रणिहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ब्राह्मेin the Brahma (sacred) [time]
ब्राह्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootब्राह्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, singular
मुहूर्तेat the muhurta (time-period)
मुहूर्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
शुभलक्षणेin the auspiciously-marked (time)
शुभलक्षणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभलक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, singular
आत्मानम्himself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formimperfect (laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
गगनेin the sky
गगने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगगन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, singular
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय)
Formavyaya
केशवम्Keshava (Krishna)
केशवम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
K
Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
B
Brahma-muhūrta
S
Sky (gagana)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical-spiritual principle that disciplined inner attention (especially at a sanctified time like Brahma-muhūrta) can yield clarity and assurance; Kṛṣṇa’s companionship symbolizes righteous guidance sustaining the warrior’s mind amid the chaos of battle.

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna, absorbed in meditation at the auspicious pre-dawn hour, experiences a vision in which he sees himself traveling through the sky together with Keśava (Kṛṣṇa).