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Shloka 20

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection

मया श्रुतश्न द्रोणेन चक्रव्यूहो विनिर्मित: । न च वस्तस्य भेत्तास्ति विना सौभद्रमर्भकम्‌,“मैंने सुना है कि आचार्य द्रोणने चक्रव्यूहककी रचना की थी। आपलोगोंमेंसे बालक अभिमन्युके सिवा दूसरा कोई उस व्यूहका भेदन नहीं कर सकता था

mayā śrutaś ca droṇena cakravyūho vinirmitaḥ | na ca tasya bhettāsti vinā saubhadram arbhakam ||

Sañjaya said: “I have heard that Ācārya Droṇa devised the formidable ‘Cakra’ battle-formation. And among you, none was capable of breaking into that array—except the young Abhimanyu, son of Subhadrā.”

मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, तृतीया, एकवचन
श्रुतम्heard
श्रुतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु) → श्रुत (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा, एकवचन
द्रोणेनby Droṇa
द्रोणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
चक्रव्यूहःthe cakravyūha (circular battle-array)
चक्रव्यूहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचक्रव्यूह
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
विनिर्मितःwas constructed/formed
विनिर्मितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्मा (धातु) → विनिर्मित (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वःof you (among you)
वः:
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
तस्यof that (array)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन
भेत्ताa breaker (one who can penetrate)
भेत्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभिद् (धातु) → भेत्तृ (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन
विनाwithout/except
विना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना
सौभद्रम्the son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)
सौभद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौभद्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अर्भकम्the boy/young one
अर्भकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्भक
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
C
Cakravyūha
A
Abhimanyu
S
Subhadrā

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how specialized knowledge and military skill can concentrate power in a single individual, creating moral pressure on leaders: when only one young warrior can counter a devised formation, the decision to deploy it raises ethical questions about proportionality and responsibility in war.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa has engineered the Cakravyūha, and emphasizes that among the Pāṇḍava side only the youthful Abhimanyu (Subhadrā’s son) is capable of breaching it—foreshadowing his crucial and perilous role in the ensuing battle.