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Shloka 10

Droṇasya raudra-prayogaḥ

Droṇa’s intensified assault and the Pāṇḍava response

सैनापत्यं तु सम्प्राप्प भारद्वाजो महारथ: । युयुत्सु्व्यूह् सैन्यानि प्रायात्‌ तव सुतैः सह,राजन! महारथी द्रोणाचार्य सेनापतिका पद पाकर अपनी सेनाकी व्यूह-रचना करके आपके पुत्रोंको साथ ले युद्धके लिये उत्सुक हो आगे बढ़े

senāpatyaṃ tu samprāpya bhāradvājo mahārathaḥ | yuyutsur vyūhya sainyāni prāyāt tava sutaiḥ saha rājān ||

Sañjaya said: Having obtained the command of the army, the great chariot-warrior Droṇa, son of Bhāradvāja, eager to fight, arranged the troops in battle-formation and advanced to battle together with your sons, O King. The verse underscores the formal transfer of martial authority and the deliberate, duty-bound escalation of the conflict through disciplined strategy rather than impulse alone.

सैनापत्यम्commandership (of the army)
सैनापत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैनापत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सम्प्राप्यhaving obtained/attained
सम्प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
भारद्वाजःBhāradvāja (Drona)
भारद्वाजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभारद्वाज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युयुत्सुःdesirous to fight
युयुत्सुः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुयुत्सु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Desiderative adjective (from √युध्)
व्यूह्यhaving arrayed (in formation)
व्यूह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ऊह्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सैन्यानिarmies/troops
सैन्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
प्रायात्set forth/went forward
प्रायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सुतैःwith (your) sons
सुतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇācārya (Droṇa)
B
Bhāradvāja
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kaurava princes (tava sutāḥ)
A
army/troops (sainyāni)
B
battle formation (vyūha)
C
commander-in-chief post (senāpatya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined leadership in war: authority (senāpatya) entails responsibility to organize and act deliberately (vyūha), reflecting kṣatriya-duty and strategic order rather than chaotic violence.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Droṇa has assumed command of the Kaurava forces, arranged the troops into a battle formation, and advanced to fight alongside Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons.