Shloka 58

Omens and Consolation after Loss; Reaffirmation of the Saindhava Punishment Vow (उत्पात-दर्शनम्, आश्वासन-वाक्यानि, प्रतिज्ञा-स्थैर्यम्)

Devanagari script

तस्मात्‌ परां धृतिं कृत्वा भ्रातृभि: सह पाण्डव | अप्रमत्त: सुसंनद्धः शीघ्र योद्धुमुपाक्रम

Transliteration

tasmāt parāṃ dhṛtiṃ kṛtvā bhrātṛbhiḥ saha pāṇḍava | apramattaḥ susaṃnaddhaḥ śīghraṃ yoddhum upākrama ||

Translation

Therefore, O Pāṇḍava, having mustered the highest resolve together with your brothers, remain vigilant and fully armed, and swiftly set about the fight. The verse urges disciplined courage—steadfastness without carelessness—so that action in war is guided by duty and alert self-control rather than rashness.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that (reason)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्
• Form: Ablative (पञ्चमी), singular, masculine/neuter (pronoun)

• पराम्: supreme, great
• पराम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परा
• Form: Feminine, accusative, singular

• धृतिम्: steadfastness, resolve
• धृतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृति
• Form: Feminine, accusative, singular

• कृत्वा: having made/assuming
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable; from √कृ

• भ्रातृभिः: with (his) brothers
• भ्रातृभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, instrumental, plural

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह
• Form: Preposition-like indeclinable (used with instrumental)

• पाण्डव: O Pandava
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, vocative, singular

• अप्रमत्तः: unheedful (not careless), vigilant
• अप्रमत्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रमत्त
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• सुसंनद्धः: well-armed, well-equipped
• सुसंनद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुसंनद्ध
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• शीघ्रम्: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीघ्र
• Form: Adverbial accusative (used as avyaya)

• योद्धुम्: to fight
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्), indeclinable; from √युध्

• उपाक्रम: set about/undertake (begin)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-क्रम्
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person, singular, parasmaipada

Speaker

दैपायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Pāṇḍava
• the brothers (Pāṇḍava brothers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Act with the highest fortitude while remaining vigilant and prepared. The verse emphasizes disciplined resolve—courage joined to alertness—so that one performs one’s duty without negligence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa (Dvaipāyana) exhorts a Pāṇḍava to gather supreme determination along with his brothers, stay fully armed and attentive, and promptly engage in battle—an urgent call to coordinated, responsible action in the war.