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Shloka 16

जयद्रथवध-प्रतिज्ञा

Arjuna’s Vow to Neutralize Jayadratha

यस्य श्लाघन्ति विबुधा: कर्माण्यूजितकर्मण: | निवातकवचाज्जघ्ने कालकेयांश्व वीर्यवान्‌,“जो लोभरहित, बुद्धिमान, लज्जाशील, क्षमावान्‌, रूपवान, बलवान, सुन्दर शरीरधारी, दूसरोंको मान देनेवाले, प्रीतिपात्र, वीर तथा सत्यपराक्रमी हैं, जिनके कर्मोकी देवतालोग भी प्रशंसा करते हैं, जिनके कर्म सबल एवं महान्‌ हैं, जिन पराक्रमी वीरने निवातकवचों तथा कालकेय नामक दैत्योंका विनाश किया था, जिन्होंने आँखोंकी पलक मारते-मारते हिरण्यपुरनिवासी इन्द्रशत्रु पौलोम नामक दानवोंका उनके गणोंसहित संहार कर डाला था तथा जो सामर्थ्यशाली अर्जुन अभयकी इच्छा रखनेवाले शत्रुओंको भी अभयदान देते हैं, उन्हींके बलवान्‌ पुत्रकी भी हमलोग रक्षा नहीं कर सके

sañjaya uvāca | yasya ślāghanti vibudhāḥ karmāṇy ūjitakarmaṇaḥ | nivātakavacāj jaghne kālakeyāṃś ca vīryavān |

Sanjaya said: “Even the gods praise the deeds of that mighty doer of great acts. That valorous hero once slew the Nivātakavacas and the Kālakeyas. Yet we were unable to protect even the powerful son of such a man.”

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
श्लाघन्तिpraise
श्लाघन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootश्लाघ्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
विबुधाःthe gods / the wise (celestials)
विबुधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कर्माणिdeeds
कर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
ऊजितकर्मणःof (him) whose deeds are mighty
ऊजितकर्मणः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootऊजितकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
निवातकवचात्from/among the Nivātakavacas (a class of demons)
निवातकवचात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनिवातकवच
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
जघ्नेslew
जघ्ने:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कालकेयान्the Kālakeyas (demons)
कालकेयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकालकेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वीर्यवान्the mighty one / the valorous
वीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vibudhāḥ (devas)
N
Nivātakavacāḥ
K
Kālakeyāḥ
A
Arjuna (implied by the demon-slaying exploits; explicit in the accompanying prose translation)

Educational Q&A

Worldly power and even divinely praised heroism do not guarantee control over outcomes in war; the verse underscores human limitation before destiny and the tragic vulnerability of even a great hero’s lineage.

Sanjaya laments that despite Arjuna’s renowned, god-praised feats—such as destroying the Nivātakavacas and Kālakeyas—his side could not protect even Arjuna’s powerful son, highlighting the calamity that has occurred in the battle.