Shloka 10

अदेशिको यथा सार्थ: सर्व: कृच्छं समृच्छति । अनायका तथा सेना सर्वान्‌ दोषान्‌ समरछति,जैसे कोई मार्गदर्शक न होनेपर यात्रियोंका सारा दल भारी संकटमें पड़ जाता है, उसी प्रकार सेनानायकके बिना सेनाको सब प्रकारकी कठिनाइयोंका सामना करना पड़ता है

adeśiko yathā sārthaḥ sarvaḥ kṛcchraṃ samṛcchati | anāyakā tathā senā sarvān doṣān samṛcchati ||

Duryodhana said: “Just as a caravan of travelers, lacking a guide, falls into every kind of peril, so too an army without a commander is driven into all manner of faults and hardships.”

अदेशिकःwithout a guide/teacher
अदेशिकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअदेशिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सार्थःcaravan; company of travelers
सार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वःentire; all
सर्वः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृच्छम्distress; hardship; danger
कृच्छम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृच्छ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समृच्छतिreaches; falls into; encounters
समृच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ऋच्छ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनायिकाleaderless; without a commander
अनायिका:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनायिक
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दोषान्faults; evils; harms
दोषान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समृच्छतिmeets; encounters; comes upon
समृच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ऋच्छ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
S
sārtha (caravan of travelers)
S
senā (army)
N
nāyaka (commander/leader)

Educational Q&A

Effective leadership and guidance are essential for collective welfare: without a competent guide/commander, even a capable group is exposed to danger, disorder, and avoidable failures.

Duryodhana is emphasizing the practical necessity of a clear commander in battle, using the analogy of a guide-less caravan to argue that an army without leadership inevitably meets crises and incurs faults.