Shloka 5

दृष्टवा तु सैन्धवे भारमतिमात्रं समाहितम्‌ । सैन्यं तव महाराज युधिष्ठिरमुपाद्रवत्‌,महाराज! सिंधुराज जयद्रथपर बहुत भार आया देख आपकी सेनाने राजा युधिष्ठिरपर धावा किया

dṛṣṭvā tu saindhave bhāram atimātraṃ samāhitam | sainyaṃ tava mahārāja yudhiṣṭhiram upādravat ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing that the Sindhu-king (Jayadratha) had gathered an excessive weight of resolve and force, your army, O great king, surged forward to assail Yudhiṣṭhira. The verse underscores how concentrated determination in a key warrior can embolden an entire host to press an attack, intensifying the moral strain of war where strategy and ambition often eclipse restraint.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सैन्धवेin/with regard to the Sindhu-king (Jayadratha)
सैन्धवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धव
Formmasculine, locative, singular
भारम्burden/weight
भारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभार
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अतिमात्रम्excessive, beyond measure
अतिमात्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिमात्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
समाहितम्placed/arranged/collected
समाहितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-धा
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, accusative, singular
सैन्यम्the army
सैन्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तवyour
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, genitive, singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
उपाद्रवत्attacked/rushed upon
उपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-द्रु
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
J
Jayadratha (Saindhava, Sindhu-king)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kaurava army

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how concentrated resolve and perceived advantage in a single leader can drive collective aggression. Ethically, it points to the danger of letting momentum and strategic zeal override discernment and restraint, thereby deepening the moral burden of warfare.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, noticing Jayadratha’s intense, amassed effort and pressure, the Kaurava forces advanced and attacked Yudhiṣṭhira, signaling a coordinated push against the Pāṇḍava king.