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Shloka 19

अभिमन्योर् दारुणः संमर्दः

Abhimanyu’s fierce melee amid chariot formations

यो यो हि यतते भेत्तुं द्रोणानीकं तवाहितः । त॑ तमेव वर प्राप्य सैन्धव: प्रत्यवारयत्‌,आपका जो-जो शत्रु द्रोणाचार्यके व्यूहको तोड़नेका प्रयत्न करता, उसी-उसी श्रेष्ठ वीरके पास पहुँचकर जयद्रथ उसे रोक देता था

yo yo hi yatate bhettuṃ droṇānīkaṃ tavāhitaḥ | taṃ tam eva varaṃ prāpya saindhavaḥ pratyavārayat |

Sañjaya said: Whoever among your foes strove to break through Droṇa’s battle-array, Jayadratha of Sindhu would reach that very foremost warrior and turn him back. Thus, the defense of the formation rested on intercepting merit with merit—meeting each challenger directly and denying him passage.

यःwho(ever)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho(ever)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
यततेstrives/attempts
यतते:
TypeVerb
Rootयत् (यतते)
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular
भेत्तुम्to break/pierce
भेत्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormTumun (infinitive)
द्रोण-अनीकम्Drona's army/array
द्रोण-अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
आहितःplaced/arranged
आहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-धा (आहित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
तत्that (him)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्that (him)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवonly/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वरexcellent/best
वर:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā-lyap), lyap (gerund)
सैन्धवःJayadratha (the Sindhu king)
सैन्धवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्यवारयत्warded off/prevented
प्रत्यवारयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-अव-√वृ (वारयति)
FormImperfect (Lan), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
J
Jayadratha (Saindhava)
K
Kaurava army (tava)
E
enemy warriors (śatru)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic of responsibility and role-based duty: a formation is protected not merely by numbers but by vigilant interception—meeting each threat directly. It also implies how individual prowess, when aligned with a strategic role, can decisively shape outcomes.

During the fighting around Droṇa’s array, any opposing warrior who tried to breach the formation was confronted by Jayadratha, who would go to that challenger and prevent him from entering, thereby maintaining the integrity of Droṇa’s battle-order.