Shloka 21
अभिमन्यु-पराक्रमवर्णनम्
Abhimanyu’s Prowess and the Duḥśāsana Engagement
Devanagari script
मृदुर्भूत्वा महाराज दारुण: समपद्यत । वर्षाभ्यतीतो भगवाञ्छरदीव दिवाकर:,महाराज! जैसे वर्षाकाल बीतनेपर शरत्कालमें भगवान् सूर्य प्रचण्ड हो उठते हैं, उसी प्रकार अभिमन्यु पहले मृदु होकर अन्तमें शत्रुओंके लिये अति उग्र हो उठा
Transliteration
sañjaya uvāca | mṛdur bhūtvā mahārāja dāruṇaḥ samapadyata | varṣābhyatīto bhagavāñ śaradīva divākaraḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: O King, having first become gentle, he then turned fierce. Just as the blessed sun, when the rainy season has passed, blazes with sharp intensity in the autumn, so too did Abhimanyu—soft in manner at first—rise at last into terrible force against his enemies.
Word by Word
मृदुःgentle, soft
मृदुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formक्त्वा, Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund), Absolutive (having become)
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दारुणःfierce, terrible
दारुणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समपद्यतbecame, turned into
समपद्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पद्
Formलङ् (Imperfect), Past, Third, Singular, Ātmanepada
वर्षाभ्यतीतःafter the rains have passed; the rainy season having elapsed
वर्षाभ्यतीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ष + अभि + अतीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle sense: 'gone beyond/elapsed')
भगवान्the revered one (here: the Sun)
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरदिin autumn
शरदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशरद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
दिवाकरःthe Sun
दिवाकरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिवाकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')D
Divākara (the Sun)V
Varṣā (rainy season)Ś
Śarad (autumn)A
Abhimanyu (contextual referent)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes