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Shloka 17

भीष्मपातने कर्णविलापः | Karṇa’s Lament upon Seeing Bhīṣma Fallen

येन येन प्रसरतो वाय्वग्नी सहितौ वने

yena yena prasarato vāyvagnī sahitau vane

Sañjaya said: “Wherever the wind and fire spread together through the forest…” (He begins describing the swift, uncontrollable advance of destruction—an image that frames the battle’s violence as something that, once unleashed, moves beyond easy restraint and consumes whatever lies in its path.)

येनby which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
येनby which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रसरतः(they two) spread/advance
प्रसरतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√सृ (सरति)
FormPresent, Third, Dual
वायुwind
वायु:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अग्निfire
अग्नि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहितौtogether, accompanied (as a pair)
सहितौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
vāyu (wind)
A
agni (fire)
V
vana (forest)

Educational Q&A

The verse’s imagery suggests that when destructive forces combine—like wind feeding fire—the resulting harm spreads rapidly and indiscriminately. Ethically, it cautions that violence, once set in motion, can exceed intention and become difficult to contain.

Sañjaya is beginning a simile-based description of events in the battle, comparing the onward surge of devastation to wind and fire moving together through a forest, emphasizing speed, reach, and uncontrollable spread.