Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 22

द्रोणविक्रमदर्शनम् / The Display of Droṇa’s Onslaught and the Debate on Pāṇḍava Regrouping

तस्मिन्‌ हते महामात्रे पज्चालानां महारथे । अपायाज्जवनैरश्रैद्रोणात्‌ त्रस्तो युधिष्ठिर:

tasmin hate mahāmātre pāñcālānāṁ mahārathe | apāyāj javanair astrair droṇāt trasto yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ||

Sañjaya said: When that great commander—the mighty chariot-warrior of the Pāñcālas—had been slain, Yudhiṣṭhira, shaken with fear, withdrew from Droṇa, as the preceptor pressed him with swift-flying weapons. The moment underscores how even the righteous king, committed to restraint, is forced by the brutal momentum of war to retreat before superior martial force.

तस्मिन्in that (situation/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हतेwhen (he was) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
महामात्रेin/when the great minister/commander
महामात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहामात्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पाञ्चालानाम्of the Panchalas
पाञ्चालानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महारथेin/when the great chariot-warrior
महारथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपायात्departed/withdrew
अपायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप + या
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
जवनैःwith swift
जवनैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootजवन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अश्रैःweapons/missiles
अश्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
द्रोणात्from Drona
द्रोणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
त्रस्तःfrightened
त्रस्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāñcālas
D
Droṇa
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
astras (weapons/missiles)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of dharma in war: even a principled leader like Yudhiṣṭhira can be overwhelmed by circumstances, showing that righteousness must contend with fear, force, and the harsh realities of battle.

After a prominent Pāñcāla commander and great chariot-warrior is killed, Droṇa attacks fiercely with rapid astras. Yudhiṣṭhira, alarmed, withdraws from Droṇa’s assault.