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Shloka 40

ततो गाण्डीवधन्वा च केशवश्चाक्षतावुभौ,उस समय गाण्डीवधारी अर्जुन और भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्ण दोनोंके शरीरपर आँच नहीं आने पायी थी। पताका, ध्वज, अश्व, अनुकर्ष और श्रेष्ठ आयुधोंसहित मुक्त हुआ उनका वह रथ आपके सैनिकोंको भयभीत करता हुआ चमक उठा

tato gāṇḍīvadhanvā ca keśavaś cākṣatāv ubhau | patākā-dhvaja-aśva-anukarṣa-śreṣṭhāyudha-sahito muktaḥ sa ratho yuṣmākaṃ sainyān bhayabhītaṃ kurvan śuśubhe ||

Sañjaya said: Then both Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva, and Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) remained unscathed—no harm could touch their bodies. Freed and intact, their chariot, furnished with banner and standard, horses, reins, and excellent weapons, shone forth, striking fear into your troops. The scene underscores how steadfastness joined with righteous purpose and divine guidance can render even the fiercest assault ineffective, while the spectacle of protected strength can unsettle an opposing army’s morale.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
गाण्डीव-धन्वाthe wielder of the Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna)
गाण्डीव-धन्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीवधन्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
केशवःKeśava (Kṛṣṇa)
केशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अक्षतौuninjured, unharmed (two persons)
अक्षतौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Gāṇḍīvadhanvā)
K
Kṛṣṇa (Keśava)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)
C
chariot (ratha)
B
banner (patākā)
S
standard (dhvaja)
H
horses (aśva)
R
reins/harness (anukarṣa)
W
weapons (āyudha)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s troops (yuṣmākaṃ sainyāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical and psychological dimension of dharmic warfare: when resolve aligns with righteous purpose and wise guidance (here embodied by Arjuna with Kṛṣṇa), even intense danger may fail to harm, and the visible steadiness of such leadership can decisively affect the enemy’s morale.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa have come through an assault without injury. Their chariot—complete with banner, standard, horses, reins, and fine weapons—emerges freed and radiant, and its appearance frightens Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s soldiers.