Shloka 18

तथापरे द्योतमाना ज्योतींषीवामलाम्बरे | प्रादुरासन्‌ महाराज कार्ष्णायसमया गुडा:

tathāpare dyotamānā jyotīṁṣīvāmalāmbare | prādurāsan mahārāja kārṣṇāyasamayā guḍāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “And then, O great king, other forms appeared—gleaming like stars in a spotless sky—dark, iron-hued masses suddenly manifesting. The scene signaled an ominous turn, as if nature itself displayed portents amid the violence of war.”

तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्योतमानाshining, radiant
द्योतमाना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्योत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ज्योतींषिlights, luminaries
ज्योतींषि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अमल-अम्बरेin the spotless sky
अमल-अम्बरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअमल + अम्बर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रादुरासन्appeared, became manifest
प्रादुरासन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रादुर् + अस्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural
महा-राजO great king
महा-राज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + राजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कार्ष्णायस-मयाःmade of black iron
कार्ष्णायस-मयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्ष्णायस + मय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गुडाःballs/lumps (masses)
गुडाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
J
jyotīṁṣi (stars/luminaries)
A
amala-ambara (spotless sky)
K
kārṣṇāyasa-guḍāḥ (iron-hued masses/balls)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how epic narration uses cosmic imagery and ominous manifestations to frame war as not merely human conflict but a moral and fateful crisis, where signs in nature mirror the gravity of adharma and impending destruction.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that additional phenomena appeared on the battlefield—shining like stars against a clear sky—yet described as dark, iron-like masses, suggesting fearful portents accompanying the events of the war.