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Shloka 11

न लज्जसे कथं वक्तुं समितिं प्राप्प शोभनाम्‌ । कथं च शतधा जिद्ला न ते मूर्धा च दीर्यते

na lajjase kathaṁ vaktuṁ samitiṁ prāpya śobhanām | kathaṁ ca śatadhā jīrṇā na te mūrdhā ca dīryate ||

Sañjaya said: “How are you not ashamed to speak so, after having come to that illustrious assembly? And how, though shattered a hundredfold, does your head not split apart?”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लज्जसेyou are ashamed
लज्जसे:
TypeVerb
Rootलज्ज्
FormLat (present indicative), 2, singular, Atmanepada
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
वक्तुम्to speak
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formtumun (infinitive)
समितिम्battle, assembly (of war)
समितिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमिति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
प्राप्यhaving reached/attained
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formktvā-anta (absolutive/gerund)
शोभनाम्splendid, glorious
शोभनाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशोभन
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शतधाinto a hundred pieces; a hundredfold
शतधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतधा
जिह्वाtongue
जिह्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेyour
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
मूर्धाhead
मूर्धा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दीर्यतेis split/burst
दीर्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदॄ (दीर्)
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Atmanepada, passive/intransitive sense

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse frames unethical or shameless speech as a moral failing: in an honorable assembly (or solemn public setting), one must speak with integrity and accountability; otherwise, one deserves censure for lacking shame and self-restraint.

Sañjaya delivers a sharp rebuke to an unnamed interlocutor, questioning how that person can speak without shame in a distinguished gathering and how their head does not ‘split’ from the weight of disgrace—an idiom for extreme moral reproach.