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Shloka 3

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 2: Karṇa’s lament, vow, and battle preparation after Bhīṣma’s fall

हते तु भीष्मे रथसत्तमे परै- निमज्जतीं नावमिवार्णवे कुरून्‌ । पितेव पुत्रांस्त्वरितो5भ्ययात्‌ ततः संतारयिष्यंस्तव पुत्रस्य सेनाम्‌,रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्मके शत्रुओंद्वारा मारे जानेपर, जैसे पिता अपने पुत्रोंको संकटसे बचानेके लिये जाता हो, उसी प्रकार सूतपुत्र कर्ण डूबती हुई नौकाके समान आपके पुत्रकी सेनाको संकटसे उबारनेके लिये बड़ी उतावलीके साथ दुर्योधनके निकट आ पहुँचा

sañjaya uvāca |

hate tu bhīṣme rathasattame paraiḥ nimajjatīṃ nāvam ivārṇave kurūn |

pitevā putrāṃs tvarito 'bhyayāt tataḥ santārayiṣyaṃs tava putrasya senām ||

Sañjaya said: When Bhīṣma—the foremost of chariot-warriors—had been slain by the enemy, the Kuru host began to sink like a boat foundering in the ocean. Then Karṇa, the son of a charioteer, hurried forward to Duryodhana, as a father would rush to rescue his sons, intending to bring your son’s army safely through that संकट.

हतेwhen (he was) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (हत)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भीष्मेin/when Bhīṣma
भीष्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
Formmasculine, locative, singular
रथसत्तमेin the best of chariot-warriors
रथसत्तमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथसत्तम
Formmasculine, locative, singular
परैःby the enemies/others
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
निमज्जतीम्sinking
निमज्जतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिमज्ज्
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
नावम्boat
नावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनौ (नाव्)
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अर्णवेin the ocean
अर्णवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णव
Formmasculine, locative, singular
कुरून्the Kurus
कुरून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
पिताa father
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (पिता)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इवlike
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
त्वरितःhastened/quick
त्वरितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अभ्ययात्came near/approached
अभ्ययात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-या
Formaorist (luṅ), 3, singular, parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
संतारयिष्यन्intending to ferry across/save
संतारयिष्यन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-तॄ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, śatṛ (present active participle) with future-intent sense
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (त्वद्)
Formgenitive, singular
पुत्रस्यof (your) son
पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
सेनाम्army
सेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
Formfeminine, accusative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kurus (Kaurava host)
E
enemy forces (Pāṇḍava side, implied)
K
Karṇa (sūtaputra)
D
Duryodhana
B
boat (nāva)
O
ocean (arṇava)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights crisis-leadership and steadfast loyalty: when a central protector (Bhīṣma) falls and the army loses morale, Karṇa responds with urgent responsibility, likened to a father rescuing his children—an ethical ideal of protective commitment amid chaos.

After Bhīṣma is killed, the Kuru forces are depicted as collapsing like a sinking boat. Karṇa quickly goes to Duryodhana, intending to stabilize and ‘carry across’ the endangered army, signaling a shift in command and morale.