Shloka 21

Devanagari script

एते शब्दा भृशं तीव्रा: प्रवृत्ता: कुरुसागरे

Transliteration

ete śabdā bhṛśaṃ tīvrāḥ pravṛttāḥ kurusāgare

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “These sounds—exceedingly harsh and intense—have arisen and are spreading through the Kuru-ocean (the vast host of the Kurus),” conveying his anxious attention to the moral and human cost signaled by the uproar of battle.

Word by Word

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शब्दाः: sounds, noises
• शब्दाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भृशम्: exceedingly, greatly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम्

• तीव्राः: fierce, intense
• तीव्राः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीव्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रवृत्ताः: arisen, set in motion, occurred
• प्रवृत्ताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रवृत्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, —, —, Past passive participle (क्त)

• कुरुसागरे: in the Kuru-ocean (i.e., the Kuru host/army likened to an ocean)
• कुरुसागरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुसागर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Kuru (host/army)