Shloka 42
Devanagari script
चर्म खड््गं च सम्बाधे धृष्टद्युम्नस्य स द्विज: । ये तु वैतस्तिका नाम शरा आसन्नयोधिन:
Transliteration
carma khaḍgaṃ ca sambādhe dhṛṣṭadyumnasya sa dvijaḥ | ye tu vaitastikā nāma śarā āsannayodhinaḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: In the press of close combat, that Brahmin also took up a shield and sword against Dhṛṣṭadyumna; and those arrows called vaitastikā were at hand for the fighters—implements of war brought into use amid the crush, where survival depends on readiness and resolve.
Word by Word
चर्मshield/leather (armor)
चर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सम्बाधेin the press/throng (close combat)
सम्बाधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्बाध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नस्यof Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजःthe brahmin (Drona)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
येwho/which (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वैindeed/verily
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
वैतस्तिकाःmade of cane/reed (Vaitastika)
वैतस्तिकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवैतस्तिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नामby name/called
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
शराःarrows
शराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आसन्were
आसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural
अयोधिनःnon-fighting/ineffective in battle
अयोधिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअयोधिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
DhṛṣṭadyumnaD
dvija (a Brahmin warrior)C
carma (shield)K
khaḍga (sword)V
vaitastikā śarāḥ (vaitastikā arrows)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes