Shloka 51

उत्सारयन्तः प्रभया तमस्ते चन्द्ररश्मय: । पर्यगच्छन्‌ शनै: सर्वा दिश: खं च क्षितिं तथा,फिर वे चन्द्रमाकी किरणें अपनी प्रभासे अन्धकारका निवारण करती हुई शनैः-शनै:ः सम्पूर्ण दिशाओं, आकाश और भूमण्डलमें फैलने लगीं

utsārayantaḥ prabhayā tamas te candraraśmayaḥ | paryagacchan śanaiḥ sarvā diśaḥ khaṃ ca kṣitiṃ tathā ||

Sañjaya said: The moonbeams, driving away the darkness with their radiance, slowly spread everywhere—through all directions, across the sky, and over the earth. In the midst of war, the return of light signals a renewed visibility of deeds and their consequences, as nature’s order continues even when human conduct is shaken by violence.

उत्सारयन्तःdriving out, dispelling
उत्सारयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सारयत् (उत्+सारय्, √सृ/सारय् caus.)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
प्रभयाby (their) radiance
प्रभया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभा
Formस्त्री, तृतीया, एकवचन
तमःdarkness
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
Formनपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तेthose (they)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
चन्द्ररश्मयःmoonbeams
चन्द्ररश्मयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्ररश्मि
Formपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
पर्यगच्छन्went around, spread over
पर्यगच्छन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि+√गम्
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, बहुवचन
शनैःslowly, gradually
शनैः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशनैः
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formस्त्री, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
Formस्त्री, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
खम्sky
खम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Root
Formनपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्षितिम्earth
क्षितिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति
Formस्त्री, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तथाlikewise, also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
moonbeams (candraraśmayaḥ)
D
darkness (tamaḥ)
D
directions (diśaḥ)
S
sky (kha)
E
earth (kṣiti)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the natural image of moonlight dispelling darkness to suggest moral and narrative clarity: as light spreads, actions become visible and accountable—an implicit reminder that even amid war, order and discernment (viveka) can return.

Sañjaya describes night’s darkness being gradually removed as moonbeams spread across the directions, the sky, and the earth—marking a shift in time and atmosphere around the battlefield events.