Shloka 16

Devanagari script

सर्वे ह्यासन्‌ निरुत्साहा: क्षत्रिया दीनचेतस:

Transliteration

sarve hyāsan nirutsāhāḥ kṣatriyā dīnacetasaḥ

Translation

Sañjaya said: All those kṣatriya warriors had become dispirited, their hearts sunk in dejection—an ethical turning-point in the war where inner resolve collapses under the weight of fear, grief, and the perceived loss of righteous direction.

Word by Word

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• आसन्: were
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural

• निरुत्साहाः: without enthusiasm/dispirited
• निरुत्साहाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निरुत्साह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• क्षत्रियाः: Kshatriyas/warriors
• क्षत्रियाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दीनचेतसः: dejected-minded
• दीनचेतसः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीनचेतस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• kṣatriyas