Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 22

जाटासुरिर्महाराज विरथो हतसारथि: । घटोत्कचं रणे क्रुद्धो मुष्टिनाभ्यहनद्‌ दृढम्‌,अभियाति द्रुतं कर्ण तद्‌ वारय महारथम्‌ । संजय कहते हैं--राजन! युद्धस्थलमें इस प्रकार कर्णका वध करनेकी इच्छासे उद्यत हुए घटोत्कचको सूतपुत्रके रथकी ओर आते देख आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनने दःशासनसे इस प्रकार कहा--'भाई! यह राक्षस रणभूमिमें कर्णका वेगपूर्वक पराक्रम देखकर तीव्र गतिसे उसपर आक्रमण कर रहा है; अतः उस महारथी घटोत्कचको रोको महाराज! उस समय सारथिके मारे जानेपर रथहीन हुए अलम्बुषने रणभूमिमें कुपित हो घटोत्कचको बड़े जोरसे मुक्का मारा

sañjaya uvāca | jāṭāsurir mahārāja viratho hata-sārathiḥ | ghaṭotkacaṃ raṇe kruddho muṣṭinābhyahanad dṛḍham | abhiyāti drutaṃ karṇa tad vārayā mahāratham |

Sanjaya said: O King, Jāṭāsuri—his charioteer slain and thus left without a chariot—became enraged on the battlefield and struck Ghaṭotkaca hard with his fist. (Meanwhile) Ghaṭotkaca, intent on bringing about Karṇa’s death, was rushing swiftly toward the Sūta’s son; therefore, restrain that great chariot-warrior. The passage highlights the war’s escalating fury: when the supports of order (like the charioteer and chariot) collapse, combatants fall into raw rage, and leaders urgently attempt to protect key champions, even as violence intensifies beyond measured conduct.

जाटासुरिःJāṭāsuri (a warrior)
जाटासुरिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजाटासुरि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विरथःwithout a chariot
विरथः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतसारथिःwhose charioteer was slain
हतसारथिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहतसारथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
घटोत्कचम्Ghaṭotkaca
घटोत्कचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootघटोत्कच
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
क्रुद्धःenraged
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुष्टिनाwith a fist
मुष्टिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमुष्टि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्यहनत्struck, smote
अभ्यहनत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दृढम्firmly, hard (a hard blow)
दृढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभियातिapproaches, advances (to attack)
अभियाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-या
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्रुतम्quickly
द्रुतम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्रुत
कर्णO Karṇa
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that (him)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वारयrestrain, stop
वारय:
TypeVerb
Rootवारय् (causative of √वृ/√वार् 'to restrain')
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महारथम्the great chariot-warrior
महारथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as mahārāja)
J
Jāṭāsuri
G
Ghaṭotkaca
K
Karṇa
S
Sārathi (charioteer, as a role)
R
Ratha (chariot, as an object)
R
Raṇa (battlefield, as a setting)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how quickly warfare can degrade into uncontrolled fury: when a fighter loses the stabilizing structure of chariot and charioteer, anger erupts into direct, brutal action. It also shows the strategic-moral tension of war—leaders feel compelled to shield pivotal champions, even as the conflict pushes conduct toward excess.

Sañjaya reports that Jāṭāsuri, made chariotless because his charioteer has been killed, angrily punches Ghaṭotkaca with great force. At the same time, Ghaṭotkaca is rushing swiftly toward Karṇa with the intent to kill him, prompting an urgent call to stop or restrain Ghaṭotkaca, described as a great warrior.