Shloka 11

Devanagari script

अत्यन्तवैरिणं दृप्तं दृष्टवा शत्रुं तथागतम्‌ । ननाद शकुनी राजंस्तपान्ते जलदो यथा,राजन! अपने अत्यन्त वैरी और अभिमानी शत्रुको वैसी अवस्थामें पड़ा देख शकुनि वर्षाकालके मेघके समान जोर-जोरसे गर्जना करने लगा

Transliteration

atyantavairiṇaṃ dṛptaṃ dṛṣṭvā śatruṃ tathāgatam | nanāda śakuni rājaṃs tapānte jalado yathā ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seeing his most bitter foe—proud and overbearing—lying in that condition, Śakuni roared loudly, O King, like a rain-cloud thundering at the end of summer. The verse highlights the moral ugliness of exulting over an enemy’s downfall, a common wartime impulse that deepens hostility rather than restoring order.

Word by Word

अत्यन्तexceedingly, extremely

वैरिणम्enemy

दृप्तम्arrogant, proud

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen

शत्रुम्enemy

तथाthus, in that manner

आगतम्come, arrived; (being) in such a state

ननादroared, bellowed

शकुनिःShakuni

राजन्O king

तपान्तेat the end of summer (i.e., at the onset of rains)

जलदःcloud

यथाas, like

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Śakuni

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse implicitly critiques triumphalism: gloating over a fallen foe—especially with pride and loud display—reveals inner cruelty and perpetuates enmity, undermining the ethical restraint (dharma) that should temper conduct even in war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Śakuni, upon seeing his fiercest enemy brought low and lying in that condition, bursts into loud, thunder-like roaring—compared to a monsoon cloud rumbling at the end of summer.