Shloka 45

आप्लुत: स ततो यान॑ सुतसोमस्य भास्वरम्‌ | धनुर्गह्ा महाराज विव्याध तनयं तव,महाराज! तब प्रतिविन्ध्य उछलकर सुतसोमके तेजस्वी रथपर जा बैठा और हाथमें धनुष लेकर आपके पुत्रको घायल करने लगा

āplutaḥ sa tato yānaṃ sutasomasya bhāsvaram | dhanur gṛhya mahārāja vivyādha tanayaṃ tava ||

Sañjaya said: Then Prativindhya sprang up onto Sutasoma’s radiant chariot. Taking up his bow, O King, he began to wound your son—an episode that shows how, in the press of battle, valor and tactical advantage are pursued even at the cost of kinship bonds and the ordinary restraints of compassion.

आप्लुतःhaving leapt/jumped
आप्लुतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआप्लुत (आ + प्लु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/from there
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
यानम्vehicle/chariot
यानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुतसोमस्यof Sutasoma
सुतसोमस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुतसोम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भास्वरम्shining, radiant
भास्वरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभास्वर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गृह्यhaving taken/holding
गृह्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootगृह्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विव्याधpierced/wounded
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तनयम्son
तनयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतनय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by mahārāja/tava)
P
Prativindhya
S
Sutasoma
C
chariot (yāna/ratha)
B
bow (dhanuḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the battlefield ethic where swift initiative and martial duty (kṣatriya-dharma) dominate; personal ties and ordinary compassion are subordinated to the immediate demands of combat, raising the moral tension between duty and humane restraint.

Prativindhya leaps onto Sutasoma’s brilliant chariot, takes up a bow, and proceeds to strike/wound Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son, as Sañjaya reports the unfolding combat to the king.