Shloka 6

विरथ: सहदेवस्तु खड््‌गं चर्म समाददे । तदप्यस्य शरै: कर्णो व्यधमत्‌ प्रहसन्निव,रथहीन हो जानेपर सहदेवने ढाल और तलवार हाथमें ले ली; परंतु कर्णने हँसते हुए-से बाण मारकर उनकी उस तलवारके भी टुकड़े-टुकड़े कर डाले

virathaḥ sahadevas tu khaḍgaṃ carma samādade | tad apy asya śaraiḥ karṇo vyadhamat prahasann iva ||

Sañjaya said: When Sahadeva was left without his chariot, he seized a sword and shield. Yet Karṇa, as though laughing, struck with his arrows and shattered even that weaponry—showing how, in the brutal logic of battle, courage and resolve can be overwhelmed by superior force and skill.

विरथःwithout a chariot (chariotless)
विरथः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहदेवःSahadeva
सहदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चर्मshield (leather shield)
चर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाददेtook up / seized
समाददे:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-दा
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Ātmanepada
तत्that (weapon/that thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अस्यof him (of Sahadeva)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यधमत्shattered / broke to pieces
व्यधमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ध्मा
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रहसन्laughing
प्रहसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हस्
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sahadeva
K
Karṇa
S
sword (khaḍga)
S
shield (carma)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh asymmetry of war: personal bravery (Sahadeva taking up sword and shield after losing his chariot) may still be crushed by an opponent’s superior prowess and tactical advantage (Karṇa’s arrows). It also reflects the ethical tension in kṣatriya warfare—valor persists even when circumstances turn dire, yet battle often rewards power over intention.

Sahadeva has become chariotless and switches to close-combat weapons, taking up a sword and shield. Karṇa responds from range, shooting arrows that break Sahadeva’s weaponry, and he does so with an air of derision ('as if laughing'), underscoring Karṇa’s dominance in that moment.