Shloka 18

सर्वस्तु सेना व्यतिसेव्यमाना: पदातिभि: पावकतैलहस्तै: । प्रकाश्यमाना ददृशुर्निशायां यथान्तरिक्षे जलदास्तडिद्धिः

sarvastu senā vyatisevyamānāḥ padātibhiḥ pāvaka-taila-hastaiḥ | prakāśyamānā dadṛśur niśāyāṃ yathāntarikṣe jaladās taḍiddhiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: The entire army, being closely attended and served by the foot-soldiers carrying fire and oil, became clearly visible in the night—like clouds in the sky lit up by flashes of lightning. The scene underscores how war compels constant vigilance and artificial illumination, turning the darkness of night into a stage for fear, readiness, and relentless duty.

सर्वाentire
सर्वा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
व्यतिसेव्यमानाbeing attended/served all around
व्यतिसेव्यमाना:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यति-सेव्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle), Passive
पदातिभिःby foot-soldiers
पदातिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पावक-तैल-हस्तैःwith hands holding flaming oil (torches/oil-fire)
पावक-तैल-हस्तैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपावक + तैल + हस्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रकाश्यमानाbeing illuminated
प्रकाश्यमाना:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-काश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle), Passive
ददृशुःthey saw/appeared (was seen)
ददृशुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
निशायाम्at night
निशायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अन्तरिक्षेin the sky
अन्तरिक्षे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरिक्ष
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जलदाःclouds
जलदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजलद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तडिद्धिःwith lightning
तडिद्धिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतडित्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
सेना (the army)
पदाति (foot-soldiers/infantry)
पावक (fire)
तैल (oil)
अन्तरिक्ष (sky)
जलद (clouds)
तडित् (lightning)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral atmosphere of war: even at night, the compulsion to remain alert forces men to create light through fire and oil. It suggests how conflict erodes natural rest and safety, replacing them with constant watchfulness and anxiety.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield at night: infantrymen move about with fire and oil, tending to and accompanying the forces so that the whole army becomes visible. The army’s appearance is compared to clouds in the sky illuminated by lightning.